The trunk is swollen with a peeling silvery, reddish or bluishgrey paperybark, the under. Selim1,3 1department of medical laboratory sciences, college of applied medical science, aljouf university, saudi arabia 2west kordufan university wku, nuhud, sudan. Molmol is a molecular graphics program for displaying, analyzing, and manipulating the threedimensional structure of biological macromolecules, with special emphasis on the study of protein or dna structures determined by nmr. Herbal substances binomial scientific name of the plant, including plant part commiphora molmol.
Myrrh is a natural gum or resin extracted from a number of small, thorny tree species of the. Myrrh is one of the oldest known medicinal plants used by the ancient egyptians for medical purposes and for mummification. Antiinflammatory activities of commiphora myrrha extract has also been reported su et al. Myrrh gum commiphora myrrha chrysalis natural medicine. Volatile oil heerabolene, cadinene, elemol, eugenol, cuminaldeh. Commiphora molmol protects against methotrexateinduced. The resin of commiphora wightii or commiphora mukul gugulipid, a small, thorny tree native to india, has long been used in ayurvedic medicine to treat lipid disorders.
Myrrh resin is a natural gum, and true myrrh is produced mainly from the tree species called commiphora molmol or commiphora myrrha. The tree is native to the arabian peninsula oman, yemen and to africa djibouti, ethiopia, somalia, northeast kenya. The genus of the myrrhs, commiphora, is the most speciesrich genus of flowering plants in the. Assessment report on commiphora molmol engler, gummiresina. Commiphora molmol, myrrh, extract, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity.
Myrrh resin is present in the form of yellowish masses as illustrated in figure 1. Effect of commiphora molmol myrrh extract on mice infected. Botanically, there is still uncertainty about the origin and identity of the various species of commiphora. Ointments of the essential oil 4% vw and resin 5% ww were applied. Commiphora molmol possesses multiple therapeutic benefits against various diseases. Other species which may be acceptable as sources of myrrh are. It has been demonstrated that myrrh has broad spectrum of biological activities including. A combination of vaginal metronidazole and oral tinidazole was tried. Consider gut flora complex capsules to support a healthy immune system response and encourage a healthy. Myrrh commiphora molmol myrrh is one of the three gifts given to the baby jesus by the three wise men. Pdf antibacterial activity of commiphora molmol extracts on.
Myrrh is a yellow aromatic oleogum resin obtained from the stems of plants of the genus commiphora, particularly c. Myrrh, commiphora molmol has been used as antiinflammatory and wound healing commercial product. Commiphora molmol, known in folklore medicine as myrrh, is a commonlyused herb in saudi society. Myrrh is a reddishbrown dried sap from a thorny tree commiphora myrrha, also known as c. Commiphora myrrha is native to somalia, oman, yemen, eritrea, somali region of ethiopia and parts of saudi arabia.
The possible role of commiphora molmol emulsion cme in protecting against lead pbacinduced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in rabbits was assessed. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were evaluated by disc diffusion and microbroth dilution assays. Mtx is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor that can induce acute kidney injury aki. Commiphora myrrha and commiphora africana oils were tested on their antibacterial and antifungal activity at microbiology lab in medicinal and aromatic plants researches centre in khartoum, staphauries and klebsilla bacteria were selected to test the oils anti bacterial effect while candida and aspergillus fungi were selected to test the. Myrrh resin has been used throughout history as a perfume, incense, and medicine. An aromatic gum resin obtained from several trees and shrubs of the genus commiphora of northeastern africa and arabia, used in perfume, incense, and. The influence of variations of furanosesquiterpenoids content of. Myrrh mixed with wine was common across ancient cultures, for general pleasure and as an analgesic. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were evaluated by disc diffusion and microbroth dilution. The botanical medicine manual is the best multidisciplinary. She has a long history of use both for wound healing and as a spiritual aid. Has been used as a medicinal herb for thousands of years and is referenced, several times in the bible in the psalms, the song of solomon and is commonly remembered as one of the three gifts the magi brought to christ. It is one of the primary trees used in the production of myrrh, a resin made from dried tree sap. Dec 20, 2016 commiphora mukul known as guggul or guggulu in ayurveda, it is native to india commiphora molmol commonly farmed species commiphora myrrha it is native to yemen, somalia, eritrea and ethiopia taxonomical classification of the plant.
The investigation aims to compare antimicrobial efficacy of the extract of commiphora molmol, against enterococcus faecalis and fusobacterium nucleatum, with sodium hypochlorite naocl. Myrrh gum commiphora myrrha chrysalis natural medicine clinic. The rats were euthanized, the pyloric and cardiac openings were legated and gastric juices were col. The comminphora myrrha tree produces a type of aromatic resin known as myrrh mur higazy,commiphora africana tree produce gum resin known in sudan as gafal resin. The rats were fasted for 48 hours, but were allowed free access to drinking water, up till 4 hours before the experiment. Commiphora myrrha nees engler is a synonym of commiphora molmol engler. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Effect of myrrh commiphora molmol on leukocyte levels. Commiphora momol synonyms, commiphora momol pronunciation, commiphora momol translation, english dictionary definition of commiphora momol. Myrrh and frankincense have had spiritual significance since ancient. Myrrh has been used as a mouthwash for sore throats and laryngitis. We hypothesized that myrrh supplement participate in the activation of leukocyte proliferation pathway prior and post skin injury and gastric ulcer. In a study conducted with mice model the myrrh water extract at the 3.
The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of commiphora. Myrrh is an oleogumresin produced in the stem of commiphora myrrha. Bdellium, recognized as an inferior myrrh and often mixed with or substituted for it, is a product of several species of commiphora, according to american writers. It is very well reported to possess medicinal properties and has been used in traditional medicines against a variety of. Analgesic, antiinflammatory and antihyperlipidemic activities of commiphora molmol extract myrrh article pdf available may 2014 with 459 reads how we measure reads.
The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of commiphora molmol. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extract from. Two furanosesquiterpenoids, 2methoxyfuranodiene cm1 and 2acetoxyfuranodiene cm2, were isolated from the chloroform fraction of the ethanolic extract of arabic commiphora myrrh resin. May interfere with absorption of many lipophilic drugs. The dehydrated oleogum resin of commiphora molmol was extracted by using 70% ethanol and was suspended in 99. Commiphora myrrha holmes, balsamodendron myrrha, gum myrrh tree, commiphora resin, guggal gum or resin. This species is native to djibouti, ethiopia, somalia, eritrea, and yemen.
Molmol is a molecular graphics program for displaying, analyzing, and manipulating the threedimensional structure of molecules, with special emphasis on biological macromolecules. Commiphora myrrh resin myrrh has been used in traditional arabic medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. Pdf this study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of commiphora molmol myrrh extracts on the growth of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli. The sap of the myrrh tree commiphora myrrha dries into hard, reddish brown lumps of gum resin known as myrrh. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Based on article 16d1, article 16f and article 16h of directive 200183ec as amended traditional use final. Dried oleogum resin of commiphora molmol myrrh, family burseraceae, in the present study were purchased from harraz company for agriculture seeds and medicinal plants, cairo, egypt. It grows up to 3m in height and has tough, knotted branches and spinetipped twigs sparsely covered. Commiphora myrrha, called myrrh, african myrrh, herabol myrrh, somali myrrhor, common myrrh, or gum myrrh citation needed is a tree in the burseraceae family. Groups 4, 5, and 6 pretreated by commiphora molmol extract at 125, 250 and 500 mgkg, respectively for 2 weeks. Analysis of inorganic and organic constituents of myrrh resin. The effect of commiphora molmol myrrh in treatment of. Antagonism of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin caused by the use of commiphora molmol as a herbal medication.
Commiphora molmol oleoresin family burseraceae is traditionally used for treatment of many ailments such as ulcers, abscesses and wounds. The petroleum ether extract of the oleogum resin of commiphora molmol, at a dose of 500 mgkg body weight, produced significant inhibition of carrageenan induced inflammation and cotton pellet granuloma. Medicinal plants used in folk medicine contain a wide range of substances that can prevent and treat many diseases. Antiulcer activities of commiphora molmol myrrh extract. Herbal medicine a flowering plant that contains volatile oils cinamaldehyde, cuminaldehyde, eugenol, heerabolene, limonene, pinene and others, resin and gum. Commiphora molmol article about commiphora molmol by the. Molecules free fulltext cytotoxic evaluation and anti. Jul 01, 2011 myrrh is one of the oldest known medicinal plants used by the ancient egyptians for medical purposes and for mummification. Commiphora molmol definition of commiphora molmol by. The plants of commiphora species are characterized as small trees or shrubs with spinescent branches, palegray bark and reddishbrown resinous exudates. Before the start of simulation, the whole system was energyminimized using opls3e forcefield till it converges to 1 kcalmola.
The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated using human liver. Commiphora momol definition of commiphora momol by the free. Commiphora molmol myrrh proved safe for male reproductive organ which is the main habitat of t. Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine hindawi. Effects of resin and essential oil from commiphora myrrha.
The effectiveness of an oleoresin extract derived from myrrh, commiphora molmol mirazid was given to the metronidazole and tinidazole resistant females as two capsules 600 mg for six to eight successive days on an empty stomach two hours before breakfast. Its the sap of a desert dwelling tree, one of the gifts given to the baby jesus by the wise men, and, a substance that heals just about whatever it touches. Pdf analgesic, antiinflammatory and antihyperlipidemic. It is the aromatic resin produced by tiny thorny trees within the commiphora genus. Commiphora molmol european medicines agency europa eu. It is the resin that comes out of the secretory tissue in the bark of the commiphora plant when it is get damaged or incised. In order to learn how to effectively operate and use the molmol application the best starting point are these tutorials found in the molmol manual. An important component of myrrh forte is the alcoholsoluble resin of myrrh which contains many substances including the commiphoric acids. Selim1,3 1department of medical laboratory sciences, college of applied medical science, aljouf university, saudi arabia.
The extract also showed significant antipyretic activity in mice. Effect of commiphora molmol on leukocytes proliferation in. Commiphora myrrha, called myrrh, african myrrh, herabol myrrh, somali myrrhor, common myrrh, or gum myrrh is a tree in the burseraceae family. Myrrh is a resinous exudate obtained from the tree commiphora myrrha family burseraceae and various other commiphora species. Pdf antibacterial activity of commiphora molmol extracts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of c. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol. It invigorates the blood and reduces pain and swelling caused by blood stasis. Myrrh gum is commonly harvested from the species commiphora myrrha. Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine. The genus contains approximately 190 species of shrubs and trees, which are distributed throughout the sub tropical regions of africa, the western indian ocean islands, the arabian peninsula, india, and vietnam. This study investigated the effects of commiphora molmol resin on oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological alterations in ammonium chloride nh 4 cl induced hyperammonemic rats, with an emphasis on the glutamatenocgmp and nrf2areho1 signaling pathways. Commiphora molmol modulates glutamatenitric oxidecgmp and. The program has features that make it particularly useful for the study of protein or dna structures determined by nmr.
The magi, or wise men from the east, brought the baby jesus a gift of myrrh. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Hyperammonemia is a serious complication of liver disease and may lead to encephalopathy and death. Antiinflammatory activity of commiphora molmol springerlink. Pdf myrrh and opopanax has been used throughout history in incense and as a. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extract. Commiphora myrrha holmes, balsamodendron myrrha, gum myrrh tree, commiphora resin, guggal gum or resin order. Myrrh is not actually a plant but rather a plant product, one of the oldest plant products still in active use. Opobalsamum, is said to be the myrrh of the bible, the hebrew word mar having been confused with the modern arabic morr or myrrh in translation.
This page was last edited on 18 december 2019, at 10. Although unfamiliar to us today, in ancient times myrrh was a precious and much soughtafter substance. Analysis of inorganic and organic constituents of myrrh. Commiphora molmol myrrh the naturopathic herbalist. Commiphora molmol modulates glutamatenitric oxidecgmp. The genus commiphora burseraceae with more than 150 plant species, is distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions, especially occurring in northeastern africa, southern arabia and india langenheim, 2003. Myrrh which is used for medicinal purpose and commonly known as bol, hirabola, heerabol, hirabol myrrh, abyssinian myrrh, common myrrh, gum myrrh tree, gummi myrrh or myrrh is the pieces of brownishyellow sticky mass of the tree commiphora myrrha. Leukocyte count had been reliable indicator for clinicians to monitor progress of healing for their patients. Myrrh gum is bitter in taste, aromatic, and cooling in action. Bola commiphora myrrha myrrh resin benefits and medicinal. Myrrh is a reddishbrown gum resin that is extracted from the bark of commiphora trees, especially commiphora molmol, which is indigenous to northeast africa and the arabian peninsula. The present study was aimed at evaluating the wound healing properties of the essential oil and resin of c. Another commonly used name, commiphora molmol, is now considered a synonym of commiphora myrrha. T he dehydrated oleogum resin of commiphora molmol was.
Comparison of the antibacterial efficacy of commiphora molmol and. Commiphora definition of commiphora by medical dictionary. This agent has been used in the treatment of hyper. It grows up to 3m in height and has tough, knotted. Nov 04, 20 molmol is a molecular graphics program for displaying, analyzing, and manipulating the threedimensional structure of molecules, with special emphasis on biological macromolecules. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extract from commiphora molmol engl. An aromatic gum resin obtained from several trees and shrubs of the genus commiphora of northeastern africa. The genus of the myrrhs, commiphora, is the most speciesrich genus of flowering plants in the frankincense and myrrh family, burseraceae. Myrrh itself is the dried resin of several species of commiphora burseraceae, small trees that thrive in aridsemiarid regions of east africa, arabia, and the indian subcontinent. The antiulcer activities effects of myrrh or commiphora molmol extract cme were assessed in rats. Antiulcer activities of commiphora molmol myrrh extract in. Oxidative stress and immunotoxic effects of lead and their. Commiphora myrrha and commiphora africana essential oils. The oleogumresin of commiphora myrrha nees engl syn.
Commiphora molmol myrrh gum oleo resin powder english. Commiphora is a shrub or small tree indigenous to desert areas of north africa and the red sea shores of saudi arabia. Since ancient times, myrrh has been used in religious ceremonies and was prized by the ancient egyptians for embalming, as a medicine and in religious rites. In this experiment, thirty rats were divided into 6 groups as follows. The genus commiphora includes over 150 species, and is mainly distributed in eastern africa, arabia, and india vollesen, 1989. The genus commiphora burseraceae includes over 150 species of trees and shrubs, distributed mostly in east africa, arabia and india 1.